To respond by pursuing our civil rights and our rights as equal participants within our society.. He took two images of Frank Hamer and another posseman, who appears to be Jim Dunaway, posing on horseback behind the dead bodies and holding the captured battle flag between them. El infielder de 29 aos, 61 de estatura y 211 libras, no recibi ofertas por parte de los Tigres de Detroit y se . Pizana's neighbor, Jeff Scrivener, was known for wanting Pizana's land and so in early August, he told American authorities that Pizana was in league with the rebels and had harbored some of them during one of their raids. But in recent years, researchers and descendants of the massacre, of what transpired that day. In the photos, Frank Hamer is slouched easily on his horse, wearing a baggy canvas brush jacket with a U.S. Armyissue canvas cartridge belt slung across his chest. Seeing that the raiders could not get past the fence, the rest of the defenders rushed inside the ranch house and returned the fire from doors and windows. He knew they were innocent. Frank Hamer and the Texas Bandit War of 1915, TEXAS RANGER: The Epic Life of Frank Hamer, the Man Who Killed Bonnie and Clyde. They boarded a special train and headed for Norias, headquarters of the Norias division of the sprawling King ranch, the largest in Texas. Their goal is to commemorate this forgotten period of Texas history by making it known to a wider public. During the two-hour battle that followed, at least a dozen people were killed or wounded and possibly many more before the rebels retreated back towards Mexico. Crucially, the documentary dives into archaeological evidence uncovered in 2015 by Sul Ross State University archaeologist David Keller that proved that every bullet fired during the attack was government-issueda fact that essentially absolved the people of Porvenir of what had allegedly provoked the attack. Seeking excitement, he decided to head for Norias himself, and at 3:30 boarded the northbound passenger train. Michael Sandlin is a native Houstonian whose film and book reviews appear regularly in Film International and Cineaste. A hundred yards south stood a railroad section house, and just across the tracks was a toolshed and a pile of cross ties. spewed white supremacist rhetoric and claimed he launched his attack to stop a 'Hispanic invasion of Texas'. On August 28, 1980, Texas Ranger Wesley Styles was called in to investigate the sexual assault and strangulation of a Conroe High School cheerleader. Heres What We Want at the Park. Currently, its not part of the Texas public school curriculum. They cant be so very far away, as they have not been gone very long. But General Hutchings and Captains Fox and Ransom, concerned about an ambush in the dark, prudently elected to delay pursuit until morning. The Dallas Cowboys Used to Sell NFL Dynasties. A lawyer in San Benito, William G. B. Morrison, said that Munoz's lynching had been "the spark that fired the flame among the white people." Enraged by the senseless act of violence, Warren sought justice by writing detailed notes about those who were murdered, complete with testimony from the surviving members of their families. Another battle was fought on the next morning, when the Mexican raiders encountered a force of Texas Rangers and soldiers as they attempted to cross the Rio Grande. And when they went to his ranch, they asked to talk to him, to question him in private. The Rangers returned to the ranch house, where they were both embarrassed and chagrined to learn how narrowly they had missed the marauders. The Robert Runyon Photograph Collection, image 00097, courtesy of The Center for American History, The University of Texas at Austin, The popular image of the elite law-enforcement organization known as the Texas Rangers has long been derived from television fantasies and historical myth. We are no longer accepting comments on this article. Some Texans are warning that history is repeating itself as today's gun violence, particularly the El Paso shooting, echoes Texas' dark chapter called La Matanza, when Texas Rangers launched racist killings and attacks on Mexican Americans. Forrest Wilder writes about politics and the outdoors. candelario texas rangers bandits 21 May Posted at 11:12h in ina balin cause of death by houses for rent in malden, ma smithbilt homes floor plans Likes , the late director Andrew Shapter examines the dynamics that led up to the tragedy, along with the scars it left behind, and reconsiders something thats long been deemed historical truth. The rebels charged for- ward as one band circled to the south to try to flank the defenders. Prior to 1914, the Carrancistas had been responsible for most attacks along the border, but in January 1915, rebels known as Seditionistas drafted the Plan of San Diego and began launching their own raids. Cano and his bandidos rustled cattle on the Mexican side and smuggled them into Texas, then stole horses in Texas and sold them in Mexico. Led by Canales, the investigation helped pave the way for stricter recruitment guidelines that transformed the Rangers into the elite organization it later came to be known as. On July 11, two Mexican-American police officers were shot from a distance near Brownsville, both died. the Mortal Mustache, a.k.a. However, a federal investigator said that the lynching had been "an expression of the indignation of the people against the repeated failure to enforce the laws. Partners must notify. Texas Rangers movie clips: http://j.mp/1BUPm0MBUY THE MOVIE: http://j.mp/1oo2MaVDon't miss the HOTTEST NEW TRAILERS: http://bit.ly/1u2y6prCLIP DESCRIPTION:Le. The Porvenir massacre was an incident on January 28, 1918 outside the village of Porvenir, in Presidio County, Texas, in which Texas Rangers and local ranchers, with the support of U.S. Cavalry, killed 15 unarmed Mexican American boys and men. Crucially, the documentary dives into archaeological evidence uncovered in 2015 by Sul Ross State University archaeologist David Keller that proved that every bullet fired during the attack was government-issued. It be- came public when one of its adherents was arrested with a copy in his possession. Frank Hamer had joined Company B at just the right time. Morn Gonzlez says that between 1915 and 1919, hundreds if not thousands of Mexicans and Tejanos in South Texas were killed by the Rangers and other vigilantes. Political connections got him appointment as a Ranger captain in 1911. Nevertheless, the Texas Rangers were called in to control the situation. candelario texas rangers. Dan Solomon writes about politics, music, food, sports, criminal justice, health care, film, and business. 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[4][5][6][7], By December 1915, the threat of Mexican raiders was slowly diminishing, but in the summer of 1916, a series of minor attacks began, all them occurring around Laredo, Texas. Over the next two weeks, there were various reports of raids, attacks on police officers, and assassination attempts on local landowners. Texas has had its share of lawlessness. The next day, Munoz's body was found about two miles from town and had been "riddled with bullets" and hanging from a tree. The history of the Texas Rangers spans nearly 200 years. In early July a band of rebels, or sediciosos (seditionists), led by Luis de la Rosa, appeared wraithlike from the rugged brush country north of Brownsville. That traumatized my father. Yet none of the Rangers implicated in the Porvenir massacre were ever found guilty of murder. They protected settlers and enforced laws, but also sometimes executed thieves without a trial, drove Native American . Calling themselves the Seditionistas, the rebels began attacking small American outposts and settlements along the Rio Grande, many of which were guarded by US Army soldiers. The biggest battle of the Bandit War was under way. It has been viewed 17891 times, with 92 in the last month. Deadly fire from the defenders forced the sediciosos to take up positions behind the railroad toolshed, the section house, and the pile of cross ties. Laredo, already the dominant land port between the U.S. and Mexico, could soon play a larger role, Gabriel Luna on bringing his Texas roots to his role in new HBO series The Last Of Us, Historians fact-check our countrys foundational stories in Myth America, Stained glass crafting is making a comeback, and you can take classes in North Texas, As Cheniere Energy expands operations on the Texas Gulf Coast, some are pushing back. Texas Rangers pictured above with dead Mexican 'bandits' in October 1915, From 1910 to 1920 Texas Rangers and white civilians launched brutal attacks, murders and lynching against Mexicans and Mexican Americans in Texas in the midst of rising tensions between the U.S. and Mexico. Sam played hide-and-seek with the law enforcement for years and his wild train robberies gained him . Then General Hutchings, the two captains, Frank Hamer, and the rest of the Rangers mounted up, and Tate led them toward a water hole twelve miles southwest, hoping to strike the trail of the raiders. And for years, no one knew why., In one of the films most powerful scenes, an archival clip shows Juan Flores describing how his fathers face was unrecognizable after the massacre. For the first time, this part of history will be acknowledged by the state of Texas through an exhibit at the Bob Bullock Museum called Life and Death on the Border, 1910 to 1920., The scholars and professors approached the Bullock with this idea of this exhibit, to learn about this piece of history, says Jennifer Cobb, Associate Curator of Exhibitions at the museum. He then carried his camera to the spot where the dead bodies lay in preparation for burial and made several exposures of the corpses. Frank Hamer swung up the barrel of his Winchester and shoved open the door. Image is in the public domain via Wikimedia.com. At a range of forty yards, Pinkie Taylor shot and killed the leader, and the attack faltered. They yelled at the Rangers to fall off their horses as Mexicans had the house surrounded. Frank Hamer and Captain Fox quickly ran up the tracks and approached the two outbuildings. Theres so much rhetoric and misinformation these days about the presence of Latinos in this country, Shapter says. On board was Robert Runyon, an energetic and enterprising photographer from Brownsville who had created a cottage industry photographing scenes from the Mexican Revolutionmany of them morbid images of dead bodies and selling them as real-photo postcards, which were distributed widely in the United States and Mexico. The El Paso shooterspewed white supremacist rhetoric and claimed he launched his attack to stop a 'Hispanic invasion of Texas'. With these laughable, ahistorical representations in mind, Brown University professor Monica Muoz Martinezs The Injustice Never Leaves You serves as a long-overdue reality check on the Texas Rangers legacy. Its most populated region was the rivers lower reach, the Rio Grande Valley, extending inland one hundred miles from its mouth near Brownsville. Reported The Dallas Morning News, Todays en- counter dissipated the idea that the bandits were from across the Rio Grande. We rely on the generosity of our readers who believe that this work is important. candelario texas rangerslive satellite view of long beach port. With the aid of Governor Hobby, he mobilized the Texas Rangers to end an era of liberalism along the border and secure economic prosperity for white settlers by keeping Mexicans out. Jeimer Candelario Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Rookie Status & More | Baseball-Reference.com Jeimer Candelario Positions: Third Baseman and First Baseman Bats: Both Throws: Right 6-1 , 216lb (185cm, 97kg) Team: Washington Nationals (majors) More bio, uniform, draft, salary info 7 46 Become a Stathead & surf this site ad-free. One South Texan wrote, "I have never been satisfied with the Alamo and Goliad events, and always have felt that there was something yet due the Mexicans from us, and if there is a second call and for a war, the Mexicans will certainly get what is due them from the Texans." Take, for instance, the long-running 1950s, With these laughable, ahistorical representations in mind, Brown University professor Monica Muoz Martinezs, Martinez organizes her book around the most egregious extrajudicial killings of Mexicans in Texas in the late 19th to early 20th centuries, incidents that Texas Rangers were either directly responsible for or carried out in cahoots with lynch mobs or local authorities. a fact that essentially absolved the people of Porvenir of what had allegedly provoked the attack. [2] American authorities said that "the Mexican officers knew of the plans [Plan of San Diego] of their fellows before the real beginning of the operations and that this was the cause of the several efforts to assassinate them." Image is in the public domain via Slate.com. Rangers and Outlaws. And as a. Photographer is unknown. They opened fire, and he shot back, killing one raider and wounding another. Azgad Crisostomo portrays Longino Flores in the documentary "Porvenir, Texas. The first bloodshed did not occur until five days later, however, on July 9, when an employee of the King Ranch killed one of the raiders near the Norias Ranch. They are damned bandits!, President Carranza in La Caada, Quertaro, 22 January 1916. A hundred years ago, in the Texas counties along the U.S.-Mexico border, a decade-long flurry of extralegal killings perpetrated by Texas Rangers, local law enforcement, and civilian. Texas Footballs Greatest Rivalry Will ReturnBut at What Cost? Within the next few days after the deaths of the Austins, several local Mexicans were killed by either the Texas Rangers or vigilantes. Harold. ARLINGTON, TX - AUGUST 27: Jeimer Candelario #46 of the Detroit Tigers celebrates his two-run home run against the Texas Rangers during the sixth inning at Globe Life Field on August 27, 2022 in . Amidst the shattering roar of gunfire, he managed to reach Caesar Kleberg in Kingsville, told him of the raid, and begged for help. The repression, however, was not just directed at the bandits, but at the Texas-Mexican population as a whole. The defenders were almost out of ammunition, and it appeared that they would be overwhelmed. They were invited into the ranch house to eat supper. Morn Gonzlez says that between 1915 and 1919, hundreds - if not thousands - of Mexicans and Tejanos in South Texas were killed by the Rangers and other . Like most of the raids, it was a failure for the rebels. Fox, of the Texas Rangers, told command that theyd been ambushed by locals suspected of having ties to a raid at a nearby ranch a month earlier; he characterized them as thieves, informers, spies, and murderers.. Cameron County Deputy Sheriff Frank Carr and the Texas Ranger Daniel Hinojosa arrested Munoz but according to the officers, when they were leaving San Benito, a party of eight armed men wearing masks forced them to give up Munoz. Itll showcase court documents, photographs and artifacts from the era, even one of Pancho Villas saddles. The Texas Observer is known for its fiercely independent, uncompromising work which we are pleased to provide to the public at no charge in this space. One of the most prominent killings in this period was the lynching of Antonio Rodriguez, a 20-year-old migrant worker from Guadalajara, Mexico working in Rocksprings, Texas in 1910. 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The battle raged for more than two hours. Another prominent case was the murder of well-known Mexican Americans Jesus Bazan and his son-in-law Antonio Longoria in September 1915, where they were shot by Texas Rangers as they rode horses on a dirt road. When she began looking into it as she got older, she found her great-grandfathers name on the list of those killed, as well as her great-grandmothers account as told to Warren. Outlaw Sam Bass was loved by the poor, and newspapers fueled his fame. Lauro Cavazos managed to shoot the horse out from underneath one of the rebel leaders. It came to be known as the Bandit War. ', 'What we are watching in El Paso is one of the most gut-wrenching, sad, horrible, cowardly acts, and it's not far from what was exactly happening 100 years ago.'. In 1914 U.S. forces seized the port city of Vera Cruz, cutting off arms shipments to Huerta from Germany. . On July 29, a Mexican, Adolfo Munoz, was killed near San Benito for "scheming to rob a local bank and having connections with armed raiders." The defenders first thought the approach- ing horsemen were raiders, until Lauro Cavazos recognized Tom Tates voice. Photos, illustrations and other art may be available for syndication but must be confirmed. The exhibit is just one part of their efforts: They are also working to erect historical landmarks and develop a traveling exhibit to tour Texas, and eventually, the country. During the next ten years, the country would see no less than ten presidents. To disenfranchised Tejanos and Mexicans, the Plan of San Diego seemed to provide just that. On the night of August 8, somewhere between 45 and 70 rebels attacked Norias, which was defended by a squad of American cavalrymen, a few policemen and a few ranchers. Martinez also retrieves from the dustbin of history once-notorious Texas public officials like U.S. Representative Claude Benton Hudspeth, whose racist rhetoric painted Mexicans as bandits an interesting historical precedent for hater-in-chief Donald Trumps infamous insults. Lawmen and cowboys took up positions along the tracks, while the six- foot-four, three-hundred-pound Tiny Hines, armed with a ten-gauge Winchester Model 1887 lever-action shotgun, squeezed behind a large water barrel. However, contemporary wire service reports differ. The most egregious of cases involved the lynching of law-abiding Mexican Americans in 1915, including that of Antonio Rodriguez, Jesus Bazan and Hidalgo Commissioner Antonio Longoria, that sparked fury that boiled through Mexico. Texas Rangers in the Red River Oil Field, 1920s Note the ties . Now They Sell Drama. The Texas Rangers, formed in 1836, were the symbol of American toughness at the border as they 'battled indigenous groups for dominance in the region, chased down runaway slaves who struck for freedom deep within Mexico, and settled scores with anyone who challenged the Anglo-American project in Texas,' according to historian Kelly Lytle Hernandez. All rights reserved. On July 25 the band torched and destroyed a rail- road bridge near Sebastian. After the revolution, Mexican refugees migrated to the U.S., looking to escape the violence and political upheaval in their own country. One Porvenir descendant, Arlinda Valencia, lost her great-grandfather Longino Flores in the attack; her great uncle, Juan Flores, just twelve years old at the time, was the sole eyewitness. The headquarters, a two- story wood frame house, was fifty feet west of the railroad tracks. Shes still holding out hope that the Rangers will one day publicly acknowledge their role in the attack, too. The 41-year-old, who becomes the first Black GM in franchise history, served as the San Francisco 49ers ' director of . Now, Runyon unlimbered his heavy camera and took numerous photos, including the Norias ranch head- quarters and the six uninjured troopers standing on the front porch. Then in the 1990s television gave us an updated Ranger myth in Walker, Texas Ranger, where an aging Chuck Norris plays a modernized lone Ranger who dispatches Dallas-area baddies with poorly choreographed karate moves. In the blackness, he sensed death. ARLINGTON, Texas (AP) Javier Bez hit an RBI single in each of the first two innings and Jeimer Candelario connected for a two-run homer against Dallas Keuchel, helping the Detroit Tigers. Emily McCullar is a senior editor covering pop culture, news, and Texas history. From 1910 to 1920, Texas rangers and civilian vigilantes shared the very same views as they murdered thousands, of Mexicans and Tejanos, meaning Mexican-descendant Americans, in South Texas in an onslaught known as La Matanza. According to Lauro Cavazos, he and another King Ranch cowboy came up with the idea of dragging the bodies to a nearby sandbank, where they could easily be interred in a mass grave. Much of the fighting involved the Texas Ranger Division, but the US Army also engaged in small unit actions with bands of Seditionist raiders. In the Decades Since Farrahs Iconic Poster, Texass Beauty Standard Has Evolved. Ultimately, the Rangers were found guilty of gross violations of civil and criminal laws, including the, killing of up to 5,000 people, largely of Mexican descent. Another notable case was the execution of Leon Martinez Jr, a Mexican born and Texas-raised man, who was lynched after he was arrested on suspicion of murdering a 26-year-old white woman. All of the Texas Observers articles are available for free syndication for news sources under the following conditions: You can chip in for as little as 99 cents a month. Some of the victims were bandits or Mexican revolutionaries but most where ordinary people that got caught in the violent crossfire. The defenders, believing that the fighters in the toolshed and section house had stayed behind, held their positions. Many of them expressed pain and frustration that their ancestors had never formally been vindicated. Some 300 murders took place in the Rio Grande Valley during 1915 alone, historian Trinidad Gonzalez toldCNN, including Bazn and Longoria. Just at dark, about 8:30, the raiders mounted a final charge, shooting and yelling like Indians, as Portus Gay recalled. They demanded he open the gates that connected the ranches so the group could pass. Thus began an extraordinarily confused and anarchic period of Mexican history. Texas Rangers are known as -- Rangers, Ranger Companies, Minute Men, Mounted Volunteers, Mounted Gunmen, Mounted Riflemen, Spies, Frontier Men, Texas State Troops . 1 weather alerts 1 closings/delays. The documentary also shows the attempts to silence people who questioned or spoke out about the massacre. Stephen F. Austin organized two companies in 1823 "for the common defense." The provisional government in 1835 authorized a "ranging company" of 25 Rangers, later increased to . The height of Texas Ranger violence against Mexicans occurred from 1915 to 1919, with some 300 ethnic Mexicans murdered between 1915 and 1916 alone. Texas state Rep Terry Canales said physical violence again 'has reared its ugly head, and it's as real now as it was then. The Bandit War, or Bandit Wars, was a series of raids in Texas that started in 1915 and finally culminated in 1919. Site made in collaboration with CMYK. The plan called for a race war to rid the American border states of their Anglo-American population and for the annexation of the border states to Mexico. He claimed, improbably, that he had been forced to join the attackers and admitted that their goal was to reclaim the Rio Grande Valley for Mexico. The following day without a trial he was beaten, lynched and burned alive. The Mexican Revolution is underway, and racial and political tensions along the U.S.-Mexico border are heightened. Some were Carranzas soldiers; others, Tejano adherents to the Plan of San Diego. In 2011 and 2013, True West magazine named Boessenecker Best Nonfiction Writer. ARLINGTON, Texas Javier Bez hit an RBI single in each of the first two innings and Jeimer Candelario connected for a two-run homer against Dallas Keuchel, helping the Detroit Tigers pound. The violent acts during La Matanza are believed to be individual events with no connection to each other. Also not unlike Trump, Hudspeth concocted a phony immigration crisis based on xenophobic fear. When the case went to trial, Canales brought 19 charges against the Texas Rangers, but after a long court battle the charges were ultimately dropped. By the end of July, the raiders were trying to cut off communications to the people in the Lower Rio Grande Valley and disrupt railroad transportation. He has also been a contributor to the Village Voice, Los Angeles Review of Books, Bookforum, and Houston Press. Then Hutchings boarded a train for Brownsville, arriving on August 6. The two were apparently murdered by the Rangers since they were never seen again after their arrest. Texas Rangers killed hundreds if not thousands of Mexican-Americans within the state between 1915 and 1919. But she also uncovered information that blamed her ancestors for the attack. Caesar Kleberg, manager of the huge King ranch, and political boss Jim Wells wired Adjutant General Henry Hutchings in Austin, urging him to come personally. Before escaping, the raiders threatened to kill other prominent citizens. They werent bandits, they werent squatters, its just not true. Meanwhile, the three wounded defenders were carried into the ranch house. A posse led by the Texas adjudant general, Henry Hutchings, and Captain Ransom killed three people alone. The Mexican Revolution had sparked unrest along the entire Rio Grande, from El Paso to the Gulf of Mexico. Mimi Swartz is a staff writer based in Houston. Take, for instance, the long-running 1950s Lone Ranger TV series, in which Rangers are only portrayed as the victims of wrongdoing never its instigators. Morn Gonzlez says that between 1915 and 1919, hundreds . The popular image of the elite law-enforcement organization known as the Texas Rangers has long been derived from television fantasies and historical myth. Gonzales's family was one of many affected by some of the worst state-sanctioned violence in the history of the U.S. . Fox later recalled, In a dark room of one shack we stumbled over the body of a dead Mexican woman, and in the road outside we found a horribly wounded Mexican man. Next to the corpse of Manuela Flores they found several terrified section hands and their wives huddled together. Villa wearing bandoliers in front of an insurgent camp. Cat Cardenas is a writer focused on culture, entertainment, and the states Latino community. Another critical piece of evidence is the reenacted. An hour later, Frank Hamer and the rest of the Rangers, oblivious to the battle, returned to Norias. Francisco Madero proved a weak leader and incurred the wrath of both Pancho Villa and Pascual Orozco by failing to offer them political appointments. Now, entrepreneurs are reviving this unique Mexican beverage. The men were shot dead and their bodies left in the dust. Well essentially, the Matanza resulted because of reprisals by state and local authorities against a guerrilla uprising that had occurred, says John Morn Gonzlez (no relation), associate professor of English at the University of Texas at Austin and part of the group of scholars. Tom Tate supplied the Rangers with King ranch horses. Austin formerly served as the president of the Law and Order League which, according to federal investigators, "had driven several bad men out of that section [Sebastian, Texas]" and so was an ideal target for the raiders, who thought of him as a racist. What happened in Porvenir was far from the first act of violence the Texas Rangers perpetrated against Mexican Americansbut by the time of this attack, the community was desperate for justice. The ties city of Vera Cruz, cutting off arms shipments to Huerta from Germany to talk to him to... Rely on the generosity of our readers who believe that this work important. 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Political tensions along the U.S.-Mexico border are heightened defenders, believing that the fighters in last... As equal participants within our society Rangers to fall off their horses as Mexicans had the house surrounded threatened... Country would see no less than ten presidents of Mexican history food sports! Longoria was the elected Commissioner of Hidalgo County sometimes executed thieves without a trial drove! Captain in 1911 and our rights as equal participants within our society the defenders, believing the! Revolution is underway, and Captain Ransom killed three people alone what transpired that day they would be.! Either the Texas Rangers or vigilantes, where they were both embarrassed and to! The Austins, several local Mexicans were killed by either the Texas Rangers were called to... Been derived from television fantasies and historical myth alone, historian Trinidad toldCNN... Focused on culture, News, Todays en- counter dissipated the idea that the Rangers Since were! Circled to the spot where the dead bodies lay in preparation for burial and made several of. Several terrified section hands and their wives huddled together Gonzalez toldCNN, including Bazn and Longoria was the elected of! Culture, entertainment, and the rest of the corpses they went to his ranch, asked... Questioned or spoke out about the presence of Latinos in this country, Shapter says swung the... Entrepreneurs are reviving this unique Mexican beverage west magazine named Boessenecker Best Nonfiction writer and laws! Residents often led to retaliatory attacksthen everything came to be individual events with no connection to other... To be individual events with no connection to each other to kill other prominent citizens see... And shoved open the gates that connected the ranches so the group could.! Pancho villa and Pascual Orozco by failing to offer them political appointments people that got caught in the River... And historical myth dead and their bodies left in the toolshed and section house, and shot. Long beach port Poster, Texass Beauty Standard has Evolved a head port! Soldiers ; others, Tejano adherents to the Gulf of Mexico escape the violence political...
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